7 Motivational Quotes for the Schoolroom

If youre a teacher looking to boost your students morale, or if youre a student seeking motivation, look no further than these inspirational quotes. Dr. James G. BilkeyYou never will be the person you can be if pressure, tension and discipline are taken out of your life. George Bernard ShawYou see things; and you say Why? But I dream things that never were; and I say Why not? Dexter YagerYou will never leave where you are, until you decide where youd rather be. Samuel JohnsonYour aspirations are your possibilities. Les BrownYour goals are the road maps that guide you and show you what is possible for your life. Louis AragonYour imagination, my dear fellow, is worth more than you imagine. Thomas Fuller, M.D.Zeal without knowledge is fire without light.

Social Classes In Pride And Prejudice And Jane Eyre

Introduction: In both texts; Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of ways. They do this through the use of their stylistic devices and this in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte further developed her feminist thoughts, which have been displayed throughout her novels also. Social class in both texts is described as the division of society based on social and economic status. By analyzing social class in Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre this essay will compare these two†¦show more content†¦This is an example of the importance of a person’s appearance and how it’s values more highly in comparison with intelligence and kindness and that is always the case in a demanding society of popularity. Stylistic devices: Stylistic devices are used throughout both texts to give a supporting meaning, idea, and feeling to the audience in order to present the theme. In Pride and Prejudice the most obvious and significant stylistic device used is foreshadowing where as in Jane Ayre it’s more so imagery. The outlying troubles to Mr. Bingley’s relationship with Jane are foreshadowed by his attitude towards the beginning of the novel. â€Å"Miss Bingley was therefore established as a sweet girl, and their brother felt authorized by such commendation to think of her as he chose† (Pride and Prejudice, chapter 13) This shows how necessary Mr. Bingley feels it is to have other’s approval, which is what happens when you’re devoted to social class; This ultimately foreshadows how easily influenced Mr. Bingley is and this is shown when Mr. Darcy drives a block between the two lovers when he forces them apart. In Jane Ayre, Charlotte Bronte frequently employs natural imagery to illustrate dangerous realities that Jane herself does not see. Artwork is a prime example of imagery displayed throughout the novel. It is when she meets Rochester that her artwork takes on its deepest significance. During their firstShow MoreRelatedPride And Prejudice And Jane Eyre1681 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of different ways throughout their novels Pride and the Prejudice and Jane Eyre. They do this through the use of stylistic devices which in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte alsoRead MoreJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte1124 Words   |  5 PagesJane Eyre and Pride and Prejudice were written in consecutive literary eras. Pride and Prejudice was written prior to Jane Eyre; Pride and Prejudice was written during the Regency Period and Jane Eyre was written in the Victorian Era (Kalikoff, Chin-Yi). Elizabeth, from Pride and Prejudice, marries a man named Mr. Darcy who was of a higher social class. Jane Eyre marries Rochester after she gains wealth from her uncle so their classes are equa l. 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It tells the story of how protagonist Jane progresses through different social classes in life, beginning as the low position of an orphan and ending in the higher position of being both wealthy and married. Charlotte Bronte’s own social background was that of beingRead MoreComparison Of Jane Eyre And Pride And Prejudice 2081 Words   |  9 Pages10/30/2017 Compare and Contrast the Social Caste System and Personal Ideations in the books â€Å"Jane Eyre† by Emily Bronte and â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† by Jane Austin Two names that ran the gauntlet of 19th century romance and changed the way on how it was written and depicted forever. These two history changing authors names were Jane Austen and Emily Bronte. 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Marxist criticism shows how they relate and differ. Jane Eyre is about a young girl who lives with an abusive family and is sent away because she is unliked. Mansfield Park also similar to Jane Eyre, with Fanny Price living with an abusive family after her true family sends her away because they are so poor. When applying Marxist criticism how they are treated, whereRead MoreThe Importance Of Wealth And A Consumerist Nation1356 Words   |  6 Pages2015 Social Classholes: The Importance of Wealth Historically and in a Consumerist Nation One of the most important aspects of any novel is the theme. Furthermore, themes that express practicalities that people in the real world deal with regularly are that much more effecting. That’s why novels like Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre are timeless; their themes are extremely important and will forever ring true in society. 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Even today, readers all over the world learn to enjoy her writing style and the settings among the landed gentry, a largely historical British social class, consisting of landowners who could live entirely off rental income (Wikipedia.org), during a time when a womans place was considered to be in the home and subservient to the male. Jane Austen was reflective of her

Knowledge through Rationalism and Empiricism Essay Example For Students

Knowledge through Rationalism and Empiricism Essay What is knowledge? Knowledge is defined in different ways, it is defined as â€Å"the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning† by Princeton or â€Å"expertise, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education† by the Oxford English Dictionary. Either way, there are two sectors of philosophy that attempt to undermine knowledge by authority, rationalism and empiricism. Rationalism is the view that certain knowledge can be discovered through experience and reason alone. Reason may be defined as the process of using known facts to conclude new ones. In this section of philosophy, it is divided into induction, wherein reasoning the hypothesis is always tentative and prone to changes, and deduction, in which the conclusion follows from the general statement. There are problems with each of these. Firstly, the limit to induction is that it’s about the human need to look for patterns in observations over time therefore having to be careful that our need to categorise and classify doesn’t lead us to seeing what isn’t really there. Furthermore, the arguments against deductive logic is that you must have absolute certainty towards your decision as well as having a valid and logical point. Empiricism suggests that all knowledge is derived by our senses. There are various types of senses, our sense of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch are called objective senses whereas our senses from the inner surfaces of our body are called visceral senses. Proprioceptive sensors are those that control our physical coordination and our equilibrium enables us to maintain our balance. Our senses are the contact between the objective world surrounding us and our subjective world of experience however, there are limitations when it comes to our senses. The main criticism of empiricism is that our senses often deceive us – for example, colour. Colour is an experience in our minds involving optical inputs being converted to electrical impulses sent to the brain and decoded into messages which we interpret as colour, therefore if colour is in our minds, then there is no colour in the world of things and objects – an apple would only appear red to me but it’s not, objectively speaking, red. Both sectors of knowledge are significant in defining what it really is. Rationalism and empiricism are used to establish independent centres of certainty in changing our perspective on knowledge by authority. However, each have their own limitations which, if passed, may lead to skepticism – the view that denies that knowledge is possible.

Pest in Brazil free essay sample

Therefore, the buyer has gotten more choices and quality when it comes to music. Issues still do exist in the music sales industry. As technology has changed from the 8-track, to cassette tape, to CD, and now, to the music download, the industry has dealt with the issue of piracy. While it is easier to sit down and download music illegally on your computer (with the ramifications of criminal recourses there are services currently out there that provide legal alternatives for customers to download their favorite music from the Internet.The objective of this study Is to determine the feasibility of Introducing and selling the Tunes Music Store (items) in Brazil. Macro environmental factors will be analyzed, the marketing matrix will be put into perspective and the Hefted data will be put into detail. The tunes Music Store is an online music service run by Apple Computer through its tunes computer application. We will write a custom essay sample on Pest in Brazil or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Opened on April 28, 2003, the Store proved the practicality of online music sales.As of February 2006, the Store had sold over 1 billion songs, or more than 80% of worldwide online music sales. Downloaded files come with restrictions on their use (as stated above to combat inline music download piracy), enforced by Fairly, Apples version of digital rights management. Debuting on April 28, 2003, the Tunes Music Store was the first online music store to gain widespread media attention. Unlike previous services such as Rhapsody and Musclemen, Apples store allows the user to purchase songs and transfer them easily to the Pod through Tunes.The Pod remains the only dealt music player that works with the tunes Music Store, although some other digital after Apple initiated deals with all four major record labels, MME, Sony BMW (which at he time was still the separate Sony Music Entertainment and BMW), Universal and Manner Brose. Music by more than 600 independent label artists were later added. Ere total offering includes more than 2,000,000 songs, including exclusive tracks from more than 20 artists. Each song can be downloaded for 99 US cents. Free previews are available of every song. Most albums are priced at 9. 9 US dollars, although some longer-than-average albums cost more, and others less. The user can burn downloaded songs to an unlimited number of compact discs, and specific playbills up to seven discs. Currently, the items, is available to consumer whose billing address is in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and United States. On June 15, 2004, the tunes Music Store was launched in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.Songs were priced at 99 Euro cents (00. 99) for France and Germany, and 79 pence (E. 79) for the United Kingdom. According to an Apple Press Release, the European tunes Music Stores sold a combined total of 800,000 songs in one week, Ninth 450,000 of those songs sold in the I-J. On October 26, 2004, nine more countries Newer added to the tunes Music Store in a large EX. store expansion: Austria, Belgium, Finland, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. This extended availability to all countries in the Euro-zone except for the Republic of Ireland, where the TMS became available on January 6, 2005.These countries also pay 00. 99 for songs, and all these stores share the same catalog and are available only in English. The French, German, American, and British stores are localized for heir respective countries and have different catalogs. On December 3, 2004 the artists Office of Fair Trading referred the tunes Music Store to the European Commission because it prevents consumers in one EX. country from buying music from stores in other EX. countries, in violation of EX. free-trade legislation (the Immediate cause of the referral was because the 00. 9 price charged in the Euro- zone equates to 68 pence in sterling, rather than the 79 pence actually charged there). The tunes Music Store was launched in Canada on December 3, 2004 (where Canadian customers pay $0. 99 (CDC) per song). In May 2005, the tunes Music Store Nas launched in Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Denmark, after about two weeks of speculation about these countries (and Australia) receiving the store. A major crowning achievement was in August 4, 2005, where Apple officially launched the tunes Music Store in Japan on, with 1 million songs available, and 90% of songs are priced at 150 yen.This marked the first time the items was introduced outside the US and Europe). In the next four days after the store had sold one million songs Which out paced that of the U. S. Store). This opening to the worlds second largest USIA market, where pod controls about 30% market share, came after a long delay. In addition, Apple failed to have one set price for singles. Pundits have speculated that this may indicate the introduction of new price structure to the rest of the stores in future, in favor of record labels who would like to see higher prices for new songs. He tunes Music Store was launched in Australia on October 25, 2005, where Individual songs were priced at ADD$I . 69 per track, and album prices varied but are store launch with music videos and short films by Paxar available for $3. 9 each, although TV episodes are not currently available. Stores in the Coles Meyer retail chain sell tunes Music Cards in denominations of $20, $50 and $100. Access was inadvertently given to some people in New Zealand, too. Failed negotiations with the Sony BMW label (which had delayed the launch of the Australian items significantly) meant that none of that labels artists were available at the time of launch.The wider environment is also ever changing, and the marketer needs to compensate for changes in culture, politics, economics and technology. Examples are: Economy Effects of inflation, equines cycles, employment trends, retail and commercial activity, construction activity and availability of capital. Demographics Effects of trends in size, age distribution, education, diversity, income and geographic distribution of the population. Social and cultural factors Changes in consumer values and lifestyles that affect the purchasing behavior of the target market. Politics/law Effects of regulation and legislation. Technology Changes in technology affecting not only products and services but their delivery. Natural environment Ecological or other natural concernsflooding, earthquakes, pollution, etc. that may affect the organizations markets or operations. This way to analyze whether convergence or divergence exists in Brazil is to do a PEST analysis. A PEST analysis is an examination of the external macro-environment that affects all firms. P. E. S. T. Is an acronym for the Political, Economic, Social, and Technological factors of the external macro-environment.As stated above, such external factors usually are beyond the firms control and sometimes present themselves as threats. For this reason, some say that pest is an appropriate term for these factors. However, changes in the external environment also create new opportunities and the letters sometimes are rearranged to construct the more optimistic term of STEP analysis. Many macro-environmental factors are country- specific. Yet, the number of macro-environmental factors is virtually unlimited. In practice, the firm must prioritize and monitor those factors that influence its industry.Even so, it may be difficult to forecast future trends with an acceptable level of accuracy. In this regard, the firm may turn to scenario planning techniques to deal Ninth high levels of uncertainty in important macro-environmental variables. Insert Pest Analysis Here) marketing strategies. It specifies the mixing of various factors in such a way that both organizational and consumer (target markets) objectives are attained. When applying the model for marketing mix, marketers must consider their target market In this case, Brazil). They must understand the wants and needs (Mason described four categories of human needs, named as conceive needs, cognitive needs, aesthetic needs and neurotic needs) of the market (in which the customer is buying music) then use these mix elements in constructing an appropriate marketing strategies and Lana that will satisfy these wants. The mix must also meet or exceed the objectives of the organization. In some cases, a separate marketing mix is usually crafted for each product offering or for each market segment, depending on the organizational structure of the firm.In this case, it is important for a savvy, internet-based market to be in place to be successful (so one marketing mix should be feasible). Marketing decisions generally fall into four controllable categories (subject to internal and external environmental constraints), product, price, placement, and promotion. The product side of the marketing mix refers to the tangible (or physical) products as well as services. In marketing, a product is anything that can be offered too market that might satisfy a want or need. The overall goal is the complete bundle of benefits or satisfactions that buyers perceive they will obtain if they purchase the product. It is the sum of all physical, psychological, symbolic, and service attributes. Some things to consider when it comes to product decisions are brand name, functionality, quality, packaging, etc. In this case, Apple is looking to market there Tunes online music store to Brazil. Tunes offers music and videos (television shows, music videos) a la carte downloaded from Apples servers to the customers computer IA an internet link.There are three aspects to any product (or service in this case). Ere first would be core benefits. Does a consumer get in-use, psychological, or problem reducing benefit? The core benefit that Apple is affording its customers is music. The main thing (problem reduction) going for the online store compared the common compact disc is that you can go online, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, from the convenience of your home and buy music. The second aspect is tangible service. Does the service have a quality or style to it?Just by research alone, Apple derives approximately 40% of its revenue yearly from its tunes Online Music store and pod portable music player. There is a certain positive brand name when Apple is associated with music. The third aspect is augmented services (I. E. Installation, delivery, maintenance). A good portion of this doesnt apply, for the exception of maintenance. The online store will suspend a download if your internet connection goes down and resume later. Pricing is the process of applying prices to purchase and sales orders, based on retain factors.These factors are fixed amount, quantity break, promotion or sales campaign, specific vendor quote, etc. The selection off price for a service (Apples case of a la carte pricing for a song for example) should have three things working for it; the price should achieve the financial goals of the firm. Does the price, in the end, bring the company profitability? The next criterion is affordability. By setting a price, Nail your customers use your service and buy the music? Lastly, does the price marketing mix (does your placement dictate a high price).From the marketers point f view, an efficient price is a price that is very close to the maximum that customers are prepared to pay. In economic terms, it is a price that shifts most of the consumer surplus to the producer. To determine the price of a download, you first need to riff the current price in US terms. Currently, the price off music download in the US is $. 99. Considering the conversion between the US dollar and the Brazilian Real is: 1 Brazil real = 0. 468121 U. S. Dollars. Thus, the price would be about 2. 11 Real. He next step in the process is to identify whether or not a consumer in Brazil would pay that much for a download. One comparison that can be made is the purchase of compact discs. Let us say that the price off compact disc is IIS$15 in Brazil. If we consider the fact that median household income is about eight times higher in the USA than in Brazil, the comparable price would be US$xx = IIS$120 per compact disc in the USA. Now, it would certainly be difficult to imagine how anyone in the USA Mould pay such a high price, one that is completely out of line with the costs of production.Furthermore, the remarkable thing is that all of the recorded music producers felt that it was necessary to have keep their prices at this same level. Taken into consideration, it would be a lot harder for consumers to purchase compact discs at this price, so then we would need to consider the single download price to be a sufficient legal way of acquiring music. Placement is about getting the products to the customer. Some examples of placement decisions are distribution channels, market coverage, inventory management, and order processing. With comparison to other main stay distributors of compact discs, the tunes Online Music store comes to you at your home. This makes it a better convenience for many people. The store can extend out to a wider engage of music lovers and can sell at a price that people can afford. The main question would be does Brazil has the amount of computer users at home to be able to have access to the online store? In a survey as early as last year in Brazil only about 10 per cent of the population (170 million people) has home computers.Yet, razzs President, Luis Niacin ad Silva, is keen to bridge what he perceives to be a huge technology gap between Brazil and more advanced economies. This needs in tune with whether or not Apple perceives an investment into the biggest economy in South America feasible with only a small percentage of homes having computers. Promotion represents the various aspects of the marketing communication. This is the communication of information about the product with the goal of generating a positive customer response.Some promotional decisions include strategy (weather or not to use push or pull, advertising, and sales. A promotional plan can have a Med range of objectives, including: sales increases, new product acceptance, creation of brand equity, positioning, competitive retaliations, or creation of a corporate image. Promotion in Brazil can not only span the computer user initiative Which could be a potential hindrance), but also in paper print, television, and radio. It would be on the same range as other music initiatives (compact discs in brick and mortar buildings). ND the United States: Figure 1: Hefted Dimensions for Brazil Figure 2: Hefted Dimensions for the United States country Abbreviation GNP/cap PDP DIVIDE MASS AU racial 3,060 69 384976 65 united states USA 34870 4091 624629 LTO Table 1: Hefted Dimensions summarized for the USA and Brazil Figure 3: Side by Side com parison of the USA and Brazil racial is similar to many Latin American countries when analyzing Hypotheses Dimensions (see Figure 4 below): Figure 4: Hefted Dimensions for Latin American Countries Ere Hefted Dimensions are noted as the Power Distance Index (PDP), Individualism DIVIDE), Masculinity (MASS), Uncertainty Avoidance Index (AJAX), and Long-Term Orientation (L TO). The best way to identify chances of success of the tunes online music store is to compare dimensions for where the store is already profitable: the US. The Power Distance Index (PDP) focuses on the degree of equality, or inequality, between people in the countrys society. A High Power Distance ranking indicates that Inequalities of power and wealth have been allowed to grow within the society. These societies are more likely to follow a caste system that does not allow significant upward mobility of its citizens.A Low Power Distance ranking indicates the society De-emphasizes the differences between citizens power and wealth. In these societies equality and opportunity for everyone is stressed. Brazil scores a 69 for PDP with respect to 40 for the USA (This is indicative of a greater equality between societal levels, including government, organizations, and even within families. This orientation reinforces a cooperative interaction across power levels and creates a more stable cultural environment). There is a significant comparison to dependency here. People will side too tendency on relationships with friends and family, while in the USA; there is a focus on independence.In the case of the online music store, people in Brazil might weigh more on decision making on other people rather than themselves (as people in the USA would make their own decisions about the store). Individualism (DIVIDE) focuses on the degree the society reinforces individual or collective achievement and interpersonal relationships. A High Individualism ranking indicates that individuality and individual rights are paramount within the society. Individuals in these societies may tend to form a larger number of looser relationships. A Low Individualism ranking typifies societies of a more collectivist nature with close ties between individuals. These cultures reinforce extended families and collectives where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group. Brazil has a slightly higher Individualism (DIVIDE) rank of 38 compared to the average Latin population score of 21 (see figures 1 and 4). However, virtually all he Latin countries are considered to be Collectivist societies as compared to Individualist cultures. This is manifest in a close long-term commitment to the member group, be that a family, extended family, or extended relationships. Loyalty is a major difference between the USA and Brazil with respect to individualism. The high Individualism (DIVIDE) ranking for the United States indicates a society with a more individualistic attitude and relatively loose bonds with others.The populace is more self-reliant and looks out for themselves and their close family members. This shows ore of a individualistic nature towards products. Most of Apples products, from the online store the pod, would be considered trendy, and thus something that would be accepted. In Brazil, the online store would be more socially accepted on a national scale to be successful. The issue with the derivation on change would be the main sticking point. Masculinity (MASS) focuses on the degree the society reinforces, or does not reinforce, the traditional masculine work role model of male achievement, control, and power. A High Masculinity ranking indicates the country experiences a high degree of gender differentiation.In these cultures, males dominate a significant portion of the society and power structure, with females being controlled by male domination. A Low Masculinity ranking indicates the country has a low level of differentiation and discrimination between genders. In these cultures, females are treated equally to males in all aspects of the society. There is a moderate difference between the scores of Brazil (49) and the United States (62). With respect to the USA, the country experiences a higher degree of gender differentiation of roles. The male dominates a significant portion of the society and power structure. This situation enervates a female population that becomes more assertive and competitive, with Omen shifting toward the male role model and away from their female role.This Mould discriminate more between cultures particularly with respect to values relating to winning, success, and status (which using considerably in advertising and marketing). The advertising of the music store would have to be toned down a notch Ninth respect to how its done in the USA (to pertain more to the feminist side of the country). Uncertainty Avoidance Index (AJAX) focuses on the level of tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity within the society I. . Unstructured situations. A High Uncertainty Avoidance ranking indicates the country has a low tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. This creates a rule-oriented society that institutes laws, rules, regulations, and controls in order to reduce the amount of uncertainty.A Low Uncertainty Avoidance ranking indicates the country has less concern about ambiguity and uncertainty and has more tolerance for a variety of opinions. This is reflected in a society that is less rule-oriented, more readily accepts change, and takes more and greater risks. Braziers highest Hefted Dimension is Uncertainty Avoidance (AJAX) is 76, indicating the societys low level of tolerance for uncertainty. In an effort to minimize or reduce this level of uncertainty, strict rules, laws, policies, and regulations are adopted and implemented. The ultimate goal of this population is to control everything in order to eliminate or avoid the unexpected.As a result of this high Uncertainty Avoidance characteristic, the society does not readily accept change and is very risk adverse. This compares to the USA with a score of 46. The low ranking in the Uncertainty Avoidance Dimension is indicative of a society that has ewer rules and does not attempt to control all outcomes and results. It also has a greater level of tolerance for a variety of ideas, thoughts, and beliefs. Brazil would of all likelihood have an issue with an acceptance off new product. The swaying factor of uncertainty avoidance. Long-Term Orientation (L TO) focuses on the degree the society embraces, or does not embrace, long-term devotion to traditional, forward thinking values.High Long-Term Orientation ranking indicates the country prescribes to the values of long-term commitments and respect for tradition. This is thought to purport a strong work ethic where long-term rewards are expected as a result of todays hard work. However, business may take longer to develop in this society, particularly for an outsider. A Low Long-Term Orientation ranking indicates the country does not reinforce the concept of long-term, traditional orientation. In this culture, change can occur more rapidly as long-term traditions and commitments do not become impediments to change. Brazil (with a score of 65) direct comparison to the United States (score of 29) shows a potential boundary for acceptance of a new product. BEHAVIORAL IMPLICATIONSBRAND PERSONALITY TRAITS, EMOTIONS IN ADVERTISING AND COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE Marketers seek to develop or align the expectations comprising the brand experience through branding, so that a brand carries the promise that a product or service has a certain quality or characteristic which make it special or unique. A brand image may be developed by attributing a personality to or associating an image with a product or service, whereby the personality or image is branded into the consciousness of consumers. Brand Personality is defined to be the attribution of human personali ty traits (seriousness, warmth, imagination, etc. To brand as a way to achieve differentiation. This is usually done through long-term above-the-line advertising and appropriate packaging and graphics. These traits inform brand behavior through both prepared communication/packaging, etc. , and through the people who represent the brand its employees. What makes the tunes Online Music store a unique instance with respect to other services or products because of the technology factor. Through changes from other innovations (I. E. The cassette to the CD), the consumers in Brazil has shown a convergence nature. Counter groups have related to the image of the music store (with many older generations resistant to change). This can be conceived as youthful attribution to brand personality.A common tread into what and how consumers brand and differentiate products would be the use of emotion. Thus, marketing and advertising Nail play on these emotion in advertising to sway people toward a product. The problem with this is the interpretation of what emotions a consumer might feel about said product. For example if the product is being marketed in Japan and its supposed to convey a feeling of comfort in a time of need, the ability to play on the motions of a consumer to buy the product or invest in a service might be misconstrued do to the way the advertising is pitched. This brings up the idea of rational vs. . Emotional advertising.This choice depends on the nature of the product and the type of relationship that consumers have with it. Overall, the desired consumer end result will depend on how you pitch the advertisement. What ties brand personality traits and emotions is how you communicate. The concept behind this can be conveyed through the classic communications model. Researchers have developed a model that depicts the relationships among the various factors that he process: Figure 5: The Communication Process Ere communications model specifies that a number of elements are necessary for communication to be achieved. The components are as follows: Source: An individual or character who is delivering the message.Message: Content and execution of the message itself. Receivers: Interpret the message. Feedback: Information going from receiver to source (or marketer behind source). Much of the behavioral implications that might be taken into consideration can be breaking do was to who will be the source of the message (Man, woman, child, celebrity, athlete). As the message is constructed, should the message emphasize negative consequences, show a direct comparison with competition or present a fantasy? When speaking about what media will transmit the message, what would the tunes Music Store use? Print ad, television, door-to-door, Web site (through a computer which is the most obvious)?Yet, most importantly, what are the characteristics of the target market? Are they young, old, frustrated, status-oriented? As this all intertwines together, you can see how your product can use emotional targeted adv ertising to achieve a certain brand in the eyes of the consumer. Much of the foreign markets (as even compared to the US) see the tunes and tunes related products as something hip, young and cool with visions of people in the early twenties walking around in the own little world listening to their pod with the music they downloaded from the tunes Music Store. While a French student is walking around in Paris, a group of teenage Japanese girls are downloading new tunes from their favorite band. He report can be summed up by making one strict comparison to determine if this service would be feasible. As stated before, the store is currently available in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and United States. The GNP/cap on average for all the countries on this list span from the low end of $10,000 to the high end of $34,000 (statistics on Luxembourg were unavailable). The GNP/cap of Brazil is three times less the low end. This can coincide in line with the pricing model being a concern.While adapting the general pricing to the Real, the common household makes 8 times less then the US household. Another potential roadblock is the percentage of homes noted in the report that do have computers. With only 10% of homes in Brazil having computers, the extent of the market via home based consumers will be a major concern. While this might be dire situation, recommendations to the marketing manager might look to 5 years from now where technology and GNP/cap could change the outlook on whether to market the service. Ninth the comments made within the last year by the president to embrace technology, the country shouldnt be too behind in getting into the stream of the American, so it would be a logical place to start.

Schizophrenia Essays (672 words) - Schizophrenia,

Schizophrenia In a quiet, darkened hospital room a twenty five year old man with paranoid schizophrenia lies on a table. His eyes are closed. He is listening to the voice that has plagued him for more than two years. The voice is relentless, speaking once every ten seconds or so. Don't act stupid, it says in a demanding tone. Dirty rotten bastard. This serious mental condition includes delusions, hallucinations, disorientation, and thinking disorders. Schizophrenia can be traced back to a persons genetics, and can have devastating effects. This is one of the many problems that a schizophrenic person has to deal with daily. Some symptoms include visual and auditory hallucinations. Paranoia may make them think they are being attacked, delusional thinking may make them think their mother is the devil, and auditory hallucinations may order them to kill (Hurley 3). Hearing voices in schizophrenics is common. The voices may yell out horrible insults to a person or force them to do cruel and nasty things. When a schizophrenic hears voices, blood flow to certain parts of the brain increase markedly. Such voices often utter scathing comments like You're worthless or No one likes you. In schizophrenic people it is not as common to see things as it is to hear things. When they see things they are not usually happy sites. One twenty-three-year-old man sees disembodied heads rolling across a vivid backdrop (Bower1). Another person might think someone is going to kill them. These hallucinations do not happen too often. Scientific studies show that schizophrenia can be caused by genetic flaws. No gene promotes schizophrenia on its own. Several genes may trigger a chain of physiological reactions that result in some forms of this severe disturbance of thought and emotion (Behavior 1). Previous studies have found that a susceptibility to schizophrenia appeared to be hereditary. A new study was the first two site a specific genetic cause (Medicine 1). Recently there has been some questioning to the chromosome theory. New studies support earlier evidence of a connection between schizophrenia and a gene somewhere in a short stretch of chromosome six (Bower 1). Also, a link was found between schizophrenic and an abnormally functioning gene or cluster of genes on chromosome five, on of the forty-six human chromosomes that contain the complete genetic blueprint of the individual (Medicine 1). There is also a controversy the idea of schizophrenia being hereditary. Sixteen percent of the children of schizophrenic mothers grow up to be schizophrenic themselves--compared to just 1.9 percent of the non-schizophrenic mothers (Psychology 1). Other studies have shown that higher rates of schizophrenia occur in offspring whose birth was marked by obstetric complications, and those born to mothers who caught the flu during the fifth month of pregnancy (Psychology 1). It has long been known that a tendency to develop schizophrenia runs in families (Saltus 1). Another research topic on schizophrenia is a persons DNA. DNA is an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is the blueprint of an individual. New reports show that one relatively small DNA segment, containing several hundred genes at most, includes a gene that confers a susceptibility to schizophrenia (Bower 1). The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that mental illness costs our nation more than $129 billion each year. Schizophrenia is responsible for fifty billion of that (Saltus 2). For all this money schizophrenia must strike an amazing amount of people. Schizophrenia affects an estimated one percent of the population, usually striking young adults. Colleagues studied 186 Irish families each with at least two members diagnosed with schizophrenia. A total of 992 individuals gave blood samples for DNA analysis; of that 487 suffered from schizophrenia (Behavior1). Schizophrenia is a sever disruption of thought and personality that stems from poorly understood brain disturbances, often includes hallucinations and delusions. There is no known cure for this illness. Schizophrenia can be traced back to a persons genetics, and can have devastating effects. It is complex disorder and can be cause by many factors. English Essays

Common Application Essay Option 5 Tipsâ€Personal Growth

Common Application Essay Option 5 Tips- Personal Growth For the 2018-19 admissions cycle, the fifth essay option on the Common Application  focuses  on personal growth: Discuss an accomplishment,  event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and a new understanding of yourself or others. We all have all had experiences that bring about growth and maturity, so essay option five will be a viable choice for all applicants. The big challenges  with this essay prompt will be identifying the correct accomplishment, event, or realization and then making sure the discussion of your growth has enough depth and self-analysis to show that you are a strong and  thoughtful college applicant. The tips below can help guide you as you tackle essay option five: What Defines a Period of Personal Growth? The heart of this essay prompt is the idea of personal growth. Its a remarkably broad concept, and as a result this essay prompt gives you the freedom to talk about almost anything meaningful that has ever happened to you. Your job with this essay prompt is to identify a moment that is meaningful and that provides the admissions folks with a window into your interests and personality. As you work to define an appropriate period of personal growth, reflect on the last several years of your life. You shouldnt go back more than a few years since the admissions folks are trying to learn about who you are now and how you process and grow from the experiences in your life. A story from your early childhood wont accomplish this goal as well as a more recent event. As you reflect, try to identify moments that made you rethink your assumptions and worldview. Identify an event that has made you a more mature person who is now better prepared for the responsibilities and independence of college. These are the moments that can lead to an effective essay. What Type of Accomplishment, Event, or Realization Is Best? As you brainstorm ideas for this essay prompt, think broadly as you try to come up with a good choice for the accomplishment, event, or realization. The best choices, of course, will be significant moments in your life. You want to introduce the admissions folks to something you value highly. Also keep in mind that these three words- accomplishment, event, realization- are interconnected. Both accomplishments and realizations stem from something that happened in your life; in other words, without some kind of event, youre unlikely to accomplish something meaningful or have a realization that leads to personal growth.   We can still break down the three terms as we explore options for the essay, but keep in mind that your options include, but are not limited to: An accomplishment:You reach a goal that you have set for yourself such as earning a certain GPA or performing a difficult piece of music.You do something independently for the first time such as preparing a meal for the family, flying across the country, or house-sitting for a neighbor.You overcome or learn to appreciate a disability or handicap.Working alone or with a team, you win an award or recognition (a gold medal in a music competition, a strong showing in Odyssey of the Mind, a successful fundraising campaign, etc.)You successfully launch your own business (a lawn-mowing service, babysitting business, web company, etc.)You successfully navigate or extricate yourself from a dangerous or challenging situation (an abusive family, a problematic peer group, etc.)You do something challenging like winter camping, white-water kayaking, or running a marathon.You complete a meaningful service project such as creating a public garden or helping build a house with Habitat for Humanity. An event:You pass a milestone in your life such as the first day of high school or your first time driving by yourself.You have an interaction with someone (whether that be a friend, family member or stranger) that opens your awareness in a profound way.You perform at an event such as a concert or competition in which your hard work and perseverance finally pay off.You experience a traumatic event such as an accident or sudden loss that makes you reevaluate your behavior or beliefs.You experience a moment of failure (much like option #2) that causes you to grapple with and grow from the experience.You are moved by a world event that makes you reflect upon what you most value and what your role in the world might be.A realization (most likely connected to an accomplishment and/or event):You realize that you can accomplish something you hadnt thought possible.You realize your limitations.You realize that failure is as valuable as success.You realize that your understanding of people wh o are different than you had been limited or faulty.You experience something that makes you realize that you need to redefine your priorities.You realize that relying on the help of others isnt a failure.You come to understand how much a parent or mentor has to teach you. Personal Growth Can Stem From Failure Keep in mind that the accomplishment,  event, or realization doesnt have to be a triumphant moment in your life. An accomplishment can be learning to deal with setbacks or failure, and the event could be a losing game or an embarrassing solo in which you missed that high C. Part of maturing is learning to accept our own shortcomings, and recognizing that failure is both inevitable and an opportunity to learn. Most Important of All: Discuss When you discuss your event or accomplishment, make sure you push yourself to think analytically. Dont spend too much time merely describing and summarizing the event or accomplishment. A strong essay needs to show off your ability to explore the significance of the event you have chosen. You need to look inward and analyze how and why the event caused you to grow and mature. When the prompt mentions a new understanding, it is telling you that this is an exercise in self-reflection. If the essay doesnt reveal some solid self-analysis, then you havent fully succeeded in responding to the prompt. A Final Note for Common Application Option #5 Try to step back from your essay and ask yourself exactly what information it conveys to your reader. What will your reader learn about you? Does the essay succeed in revealing something that you care about deeply? Does it get at a central aspect of your personality? Remember, the application is asking for an essay because the college has holistic admissions- the school is evaluating you as a whole person, not as a bunch of test scores and grades. They essay, then, needs to paint a portrait of an applicant the school will want to invite to join the campus community. In your essay, do you come across as an intelligent, thoughtful person who will contribute to the community in a meaningful and positive way? No matter which essay prompt you choose, pay attention to style, tone, and mechanics. The essay is first and foremost about you, but it also needs to demonstrate a strong writing ability. These 5 tips for a winning essay can also help guide you. Finally, realize that many topics fit under multiple options on the Common Application. For example, option #3 asks about questioning or challenging a belief or idea. This can certainly connect with the idea of a realization in option #5. Also, option #2 on encountering obstacles could also overlap with some of the possibilities for option #5. Dont worry too much about which option is best if your topic fits in multiple places. Most important is that you write an effective and engaging essay. Be sure to check out this article for tips and samples for each of the Common Application essay options.

Technology in the ESL elementary classroom Term Paper

Technology in the ESL elementary classroom - Term Paper Example One of the primary ways that the whiteboard can be used to help ESL teaching is in student motivation: â€Å"[O]nce a chapter section or story has been assigned and read for homework, the teacher can use an electronic â€Å"flip chart† presentation, displayed on a screen in front of the class, that visually emphasizes academic vocabulary and important content from the lesson. The flip chart allows a teacher to hide, reveal, and highlight text and images as necessary to motivate students† (Wappel, 2010). The flipchart allows vocabulary to be presented in interesting ways and can be used to encourage immediate participation. â€Å"To enhance and complement the teacher’s chart, each student is given an interactive tool. Using these hand held devices, the classmates can record their responses to quiz or test questions, either in an objective (true-false or multiple choice) format or using complete sentences† (Wappel, 2010). Teachers can pair immediate reinforc ement with students' answers, and students can feel that their participation is being immediately noted and rewarded. Whiteboard programs also allow collaborative on-line text editing and participation. â€Å"The on-line texts are particularly helpful in trying to get a large group of language learners to focus on one element of a lesson together. The format allows a teacher to have better control of a class and maintain continuous eye contact while directing attention to a particular sentence, paragraph, or picture in the text. The online texts also offer practice quizzes and tests, a writing lab and interactive questions, all of which may be sent electronically to the teacher† (Wappel, 2010). Eye contact during ESL teaching is one of the ways to build schemata and encourage interactive learning, making the process seem more human and less difficult (Stott, 2001). Students can be put into online groups, able to discuss and work together, figuring out each others' weak points and letting them build confidence collectively on assignments. â€Å"A bank of computers in Solebury’s ESL Center enables students to become part of an online community through e-mail, chat rooms, and posting and reading announcements and homework on the school’s web site† (Wappel, 2010). Any instructor knows that one of the most important elements is staving off boredom and prompting interest (Wappel, 2010). Whiteboard software allows teachers a wide variety of approaches. Stress, rhythm and structure exercises can be specially created which are not only different from the regular classroom process but also interactive, giving immediate feedback. In particular, the ability to encourage participation in other areas besides direct, verbal participation is useful. Shore argues that one of the ways to encourage participation and reduce stress for ESL students is to â€Å"Encourage participation in less language-demanding subject areas: music, art, physical educat ion† and provide opportunities for success. Whiteboard projects can allow students to sing along, make presentations with their own prompts, and otherwise demonstrate their skills in a non-threatening manner and setting. Whiteboards also allow participation to be immediately rewarded (Jeffrey, 2003). Jeffrey proposes a â€Å"

Authentic Leadership Development Research Paper

Authentic Leadership Development - Research Paper Example Most people would not be willing to offer the type of commitment that an authentic leader is expected to offer. A good leader should be able to incorporate good systems that can be followed by employees in a manner that is favorable and easy to follow. The leader should also ensure that the policies of a company are convenient in a manner that most people would be comfortable and most people would maximize their output from the available environment and policies. Leadership that is authentic usually requires a person to be the epitome of the changes that may be expected in the company or the changes that are expected in the environment that a person is living. Authentic leadership usually involves doing things that are right and at the same time exercising humility that is expected when stand with people that are not above the leaders. A leader that is authentic will not be afraid to roll their sleeves in order to get hands dirty. Such a person usually has the courage that would allow him to drop his or her values irrespective of anything. An authentic leader is one that is willing to take an action that is right even in a situation whereby he faces diversity that is extreme. A leader that is independent should be committed to growth that is personal, evolution and change. This may be referred to as private victory. The victories are usually focused at development and growth that is personal. This type of leadership usually defines who a person is, his values and the way such a person would react to the environment around him or her. There are three elements that would help a person to succeed independently. They include; Been proactive- a person should be willing to accept responsibility for the actions and any kind of responses that may accrue from the people that are around you. A person has the power to choose the path that him or her can chose and that implies that the background of the person does not have to affect the

Methodology and questionnaires Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Methodology and questionnaires - Essay Example This could be due to a plethora of reasons- like gender discrimination, perceived lack of female managerial qualifications/experience, bias shown towards women showing that they are emotionally not competent to occupy managerial positions, perceived threats of male colleagues during promotions, sexual harassment, need to devote time for household work, inability to work at odd hours and night hours, restricted mobility, etc, All these factors combine to create situations in which the situation of women may be marginalised or even threatened by the hierarchy or the work culture and ethos of the institution. There are several aspects for methodology to be carried out and they use the multiple data collection system. The multiple systems could entail both qualitative and quantitative surveys. The quantitative methodology invokes use of statistical and other measures of quantitative analysis whereas, the qualitative would be in terms of structured interviews. Structured interviews are of standard format which entail open ended or closed ended questionnaires. Open ended questions would give the respondents scope for expressing themselves more verbally than closed ends, in which the questions would respond with either Yes or No. This is important because in a study of this kind, in which both quantitative and qualitative data need to be gathered and expounded, qualitative data need to be structured, open ended and amenable to further research and interpretations. 1. Methodology to deal with Research Question No.1: This research question deals with the need to create new management part time jobs to accommodate women into these positions and make better and more productive use of the women work force’s This could be done though face-to-face interviews with the Top Directors and Senior Management Team of the company regarding the induction of newly created vacancies for women in management positions. The interviews with such executives would be able to throw light

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Lpg Engineering Essay

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Lpg Engineering Essay Liquefied Petroleum Gas is an important source of energy for millions of people around the world. LPG consists mainly of gases at atmospheric temperature and pressure (propane and butane), which when subjected to modest pressure or refrigeration can liquefy. This makes it possible to transport and store as liquid in pressurized cylinders and containers, which must be safely and carefully handled. Definition: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) can be simply described as hydrocarbons that exist as vapours under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure, but can be liquefied by the application of moderate pressure. When gas is liquefied, the volume occupied by the vapour considerably decreases, thus the liquid formed requires less storage space. The material is therefore stored and distributed in the liquid phase in pressurized containers and systems and is finally allowed to return to the vapour phase at the point of eventual utilization. Sources of LPG: LPG as the name suggests, consists mainly of a mixture of hydrocarbons (Propane and Butane) with a little proportion of unsaturates (Propylene and Butylene). These hydrocarbons and unsaturates (LPG) can be produced through two main sources which are: Wet Natural Gas, which consists entirely of saturated hydrocarbons (Propane and Butane) and can be found in oil or gas fields, being removed as condensable products from natural gas and also extracts from crude oil during the stabilization process applied in order to reduce the vapour pressure prior to shipment; Refining process to remove impurities like moisture and sulphur compounds (hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans), which may lead to clogging of valves and corrosion. However, due to the odourless nature of LPG, ethyl mercaptan which has a unique odour, is added to alert the user of LPG incase a leak takes place. The product of crude oil refining fall into three main categories: The permanent gases, Methane and Ethane which remain gaseous regardless of pressure, unless refrigerated. Hydrocarbons having five or more carbon atoms per molecule. They are liquid or solid at atmospheric temperature and pressure and account for most of the crude oil refined. Propane, Butane and Isobutane, together with Propylene, Butylene and Isobutylene have three or four carbon atoms per molecule. All have the special property of becoming liquid at atmospheric temperature if moderately compressed and reverting to gases when the pressure is sufficiently reduced. C:UsersMr TDesktopIMAG0168.jpg Properties of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Vapour Pressure Vapour pressure is a measure of the volatility of the gas and where vapour exists in conjunction with the liquid phase is referred to as the saturation vapour pressure. At the boiling point it is equal to atmospheric pressure and increases as the temperature rises to the critical. Propane with its lower boiling point thus exerts a greater vapour pressure under identical conditions than butane. Knowledge of the vapour pressure of a gas is thus essential in order to be able to specify the design conditions for the pressurized system. It is also required to enable the gas offtake rates by natural vapourization to be calculated. In practical terms, systems are often specifically designed to be suitable for either butane or propane which thus precludes a butane system from being used for propane, but enables the propane system to be classed as dual purpose. G:DCIM100MEDIAIMAG0198.jpg Boiling Points of LPG The constituent gases found in a commercial LPG mixture all have very low boiling points and will thus normally exist in the vapour phase, under atmospheric conditions, unless they have been liquefied or refrigerated. Where the gases are held at a temperature at or below their boiling point, the vapour pressure will be equal to or less than atmospheric. This property has led to the development of large scale storage at marine terminals where the product is held in refrigerated form in what is essentially a non-pressurized system. Above ambient temperature, the gases exert an increasing vapour pressure, thus increasing the pressure required for liquefaction. This pressure continues to increase until the critical temperature is reached, (96.67oC for propane; 152.03oC for n-butane), above which temperature of the gases cease to exist in the liquid phase even if further pressure is applied. Latent Heat of LPG The latent heat of a liquid product is the quantity of heat absorbed to enable vapourization to occur. In the event of liquid LPG being allowed to vapourize naturally, the latent heat required is taken from itself and its immediate surroundings at the same time, causing a drop in temperature. The process is known as auto-refrigeration. Very low temperatures can be achieved with propane under such conditions; therefore in order to avoid operators receiving severe cold burns, protective clothing is required. Specific Volume, Relative Density LPGs exist as heavy gases approximately 1.5 2.0 times the density of air in vapour phase. They reduce in volume considerably on liquefaction (ratio of gas volume to liquid volume at 15.6oC/1016mbar is 233 for butane and 274 for propane) to exist as a clear liquid which is approximately half the weight of water (Propane 0.50 0.51, Butane 0.57 0.58). It can thus be seen that LPG vapours heavier than air will tend to cling to the ground seeking to enter trenches, drains and other low areas, which could make it take considerably longer time to disperse. Leaking liquid phase LPG will rapidly expand to around 250 times its own volume, therefore creating a greater risk than would occur with a similar sized vapour leakage. Where temperature conditions permit the existence of free liquid from a leakage, the product will float on any water present. This normally occurs with butane in freezing conditions and a typical scenario would occur during firefighting operations. Coefficient of Cubical Expansion of Liquid Liquid phase LPG expands considerably when its temperature increases. The coefficients of cubical expansion at 15oC are approximately 0.0016 per oC for propane and 0.0011 per oC for butane. These values are around 4 times the equivalent for fuel oil, 10 times that for water and 100 times that for steel. This high rate of expansion has to be taken into consideration when specifying the maximum quantity of LPG permitted to be filled into any pressure vessel, ie the filling ratio defined by codes of practice for different specification of LPGs under different ambient conditions. Because the filling ratio precautions taken to prevent the hydraulic filling of storage systems cannot be extended to the connecting liquid phase pipework, these parts of the system are protected by the provision of small hydrostatic relief valves situated in all areas where the liquid LPG can be trapped between closed valves. Limits of Flammability Gaseous fuels will only burn when mixed with air in proportions which lie between two well defined limits, known as the lower and upper limits of flammability. The lower limit being the smallest quantity of combustible gas which, when mixed with a given quantity of air (or O2) will support self-propagating flame. A leak of 1m3 of liquefied propane will produce 274m3 of propane vapour, which will cause immediate entrainment of air and progressive dilution of the concentration. When the upper limit of 10% is reached, the propane/air mixture becomes flammable (ie when the propane entrains, 274 10 = 2740m3 of air). The mixture only becomes flammable when the lower limit of 2% is reached (ie when the propane entrains 274 50 = 13,700m3) of air. Therefore, should a leak of propane occur, the propane/air mixture will be flammable and hence extremely dangerous until it has been diluted with more than 13,700m3 air per m3 of propane leakage. The following are the limits of flammability of LPG and some other fuels: Gas Lower Limit Upper Limit Commercial Propane 2.0 10.0 Commercial Butane 1.8 9.0 Natural Gas 5.0 15.0 Coal Gas 5.0 40.0 C:UsersMr TDesktopIMAG0189.jpg

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Defining

Fate in Oedipus Rex      Ã‚  Ã‚   During ancient times, the Greeks believed very strongly in a concept called "fate".   What is "fate"?   Fate can be defined as a cause beyond human control that determines events.   It can also be defined as the outcome or end of some sort.   In "Oedipus Rex", King Oedipus is a character that lived by fate and died by fate.   This element of fate truly impacted the storyline and the plot, while allowing for some interesting developments that may have been unforeseen by the viewing audience.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Sophocles' "Oedipus Rex", fate truly is a huge factor in many scenes and events.   According to ancient Greek belief, the word of God was fate, and fate was the word of God.   Therefore, every event that ever happened was predetermined and unchangeable.  ... ...d the legend itself.   Due to the ancient Greeks' wholehearted acceptance of fate as the word of God himself, many ironic events occurred due to the twists of fate.   Sophocles masterfully weaves pieces of a legend together to create a dramatic tale of fate and irony called "Oedipus Rex".    Works Cited Elsom, John.   "Fate and the Imperial Dream."   World & I.   February 2000.   82-90.   

Andrew Carnegie: One of the Pioneers of the Big Business

Big Business Report University of Phoenix Ursula Murgado Introduction One of the pioneers of the Big Business I chose to research is Andrew Carnegie. In this paper I will include how was his business and how did Mr. Carnegie started his business. I will also talk about how his business grew to the level it did. The good and bad effects of the business in the 19th century, How Mr. Carnegie business affected society today, what were the pros and cons of this business, if this cons and pros still exist. Andrew Carnegie was an industrialist and philanthropist.Andrew Carnegie was born in November 25, 1835 in Dunfermline, Scotland. He was the son of a handloom weaver. Andrew’s Carnegie parents decide to move to North America in 1848 because of the conditions that they were living. Andrew’s father settled his family in Allegheny, Pennsylvania. Carnegie starting working at an early age in a factory getting pay $1. 20 a week. Then at the following year he found a job as a telegr aph messenger. By the year 1851 Carnegie became a telegraph operator because of his efforts to get ahead in life.After two years working as a telegraph messenger Carnegie decides to work at the Pennsylvania Railroad, he was the assistant and telegrapher of Thomas Scott, one of the railroad’s main officials. This job help Carnegie to learn about the railroad industry and also in business. After three years he was promoted to superintendent. Carnegie business was the steel company but he started his investment before he open his own steel company. He started investing in the years 1863 or 1864 and during the war years too. His profits were very high.First, his share of he† Woodruff Sleeping Car Company , he also invested in the Western Union Telegraph Company, The Iron City Forge, The Columbia Oil Company and the Third National Bank of Pittsburgh†. He also made other investments, that helped him own shares in more than twelve different companies. He was making aroun d $39,000 in investments plus his salary of $2400 dollars a year. He left the Pennsylvania Railroad before the Civil war started. His determination in investing during tough times help him grow his business to the level it did.Carnegie business in his Steel Industry help him revolutionize the production of steel in the United States. Carnegie was able to construct many steel plants around the United States with the a technology that made the manufacture of steel faster, easier and more productive. Carnegie owned everything he needed in order to become the â€Å"King of Steelâ€Å". Some of the negative effects of big business in the 19th century was the atmosphere and working conditions of the workers at the time repeatedly change. Technology is another negative effect because the products were not being complete made by an individual.Immigration was another effect. The positive effect was that more money for this country. A positive effect that Carnegie’s business had on s ociety were his donations to build libraries in the United States and in other English speaking countries. Carnegie funded about 3,000 libraries in 47 US states and other countries. In 1901 he gave two million dollars to create the Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburg and the following year he donated the same amount to Washington D. C to found the Carnegie Institution. In my opinion Carnegie did a lot positive things for society.He was able to accomplish the American dream, as we know he was an Scotland immigrant. One of the negative things was the Homestead Mill strike because it â€Å"broke his reputation as a friend of the workers†. The pros of the big business in the 19th century were the benefits that industrialization gave to the people, like how the life of Americans improve and how their wages climbed. The cons was that everything comes with a price. The fact the workers bargain for better wages and better conditions at work was one of them. In my opinion th ese pros and cons do still exist in some way at this time.   Maybe not at the extent of the 19th century but they still exist .References Kent, Zachary. Andrew Carnegie, Steel King and Friend to Libraries, Historical America Biographies, 1999. Davidson-Gienapp-Heyrman-Lytle-Stoff:, Nation of Nations: A Concise Narrative of the American Republic, Fourth Edition IV. Global Essay: The United States in an Industrial Age19. The New Industrial Order (1870? 1900) The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2005. American Experience, The Richest Man in the World Andrew Carnegie. The film and more. http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/amex/carnegie/peopleevents/index. html

Web Communication and Advertising

Web Communication and Advertising The development of online technologies has transformed marketing strategies of many companies; in fact, nowadays it is difficult to find a product that is not advertised via Internet. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Web Communication and Advertising specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, many organizations still underestimate the benefits offered by the World Wide Web. This paper aims to develop an Internet marketing strategy for such a product as mineral water. It is normally advertised through television, radio, and billboards but online channels are seldom used. There are several objectives which have to be attained: 1) to raise the customers’ awareness about the product; 2) to allow the customers make online purchase; 3) to increase the customer base of the company. This internet advertisement will target two types of clients: Individual customers who may be willing to learn more about different compa nies selling mineral water. Private companies: restaurants, hotels, snack bars, fast food chains that will make wholesale purchase. At this point we can discuss several aspects of online advertising and their importance. One of them is direct e-mail. We are going to use in order to inform our returned customers, most likely, they will be wholesalers, restaurants, hotels about new products, benefits and discounts. It is also necessary to compile a list of prospective companies that may require this kind of product and send them newsletters. One should note that customers should be contacted via e-mail no more than two times per month; otherwise these mails can be regarded as spam. The major benefit of this approach is that it enables the company to raise awareness about the products and about other offerings. Additionally, direct e-mail enables companies to maintain long-term relations with returned customers. Cross-media advertising is another aspect of Internet advertisement that one should utilize. Overall, this approach can be regarded as combined use of television, radio, print and video (Chaffey et al, 2009). The distributers of mineral water can successfully adopt this strategy with the help of Internet since nowadays there are many online radio stations or online newspapers; furthermore, one should not forget about online television. Additionally, there are also many video-sharing websites where companies can post their commercials. The producers of mineral water can promote their products through each of these media. Cross-media advertisement is important for the attraction of new customers. By adopting this approach, the companies can reach a wide target audience (Chaffey et al, 2009, p 180).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The companies, which produce and sell mineral water, can also rely on banner advertising. These banners shoul d be placed at the websites of online newspapers and Internet forums. The banners should emphasize some distinguishing properties of the product such as the benefits for health of the consumers, its taste and certainly the price. In this case, the main objective of this strategy is to attract the customer’s attention to the product (Belch Belch, 2009). Furthermore, the banners must provide links to the website of the company. It will be particularly relevant for private companies that may be searching for the information about different producers of mineral water. In this way, they will be able to make online wholesale purchases. Banner advertising is important to that extent that it serves different purposes at a time: first, it enables the company to increase people awareness about the company and most importantly form the customers’ initial perception of the product. Prior to launching an Internet marketing campaign, the company should accurately determine the ta rget market. As it has been mentioned before, the producers of mineral water should address the needs of individual clients and profit organizations like restaurants, hotels. The potential consumers of this product can be of different age, sex, income level, values or occupation. Therefore, one should not give preference to only one type of websites. Thus, the advertisements should be placed at forums, social networks, web directories, website of different newspapers, etc. The identification of target market is crucial for a company because one has to understand the purchasing habits of the customers. The key advantage of Internet marketing is that it can allow us to target different groups of customers, depending on their age or occupation. We need to mention some other elements of an Internet marketing strategy; they are public relations (PR) and promotions. The manufacturers of mineral water should maintain their public image by providing information about themselves at their w ebsites. They need to focus on such issues the technology that they use, the quality standards, health benefits that they offer to the customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Web Communication and Advertising specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the age corporate social responsibility PR management can play the most crucial role. Its purpose is to ensure that customers take positive attitude to the firm. PR campaign has to convince them that the company cares not only about profit-making but also about the community. At the beginners companies producing mineral water should choose above the line promotion which means that they need to pay a specific agency (online newspaper, forum, social network, video-sharing website) for the placement of the commercial (Jones, 2007). At this particular stage, they need to attract the customers’ attention to the brand. The selection of promotion strategy is crucial for t he formation of brand identity; in other words, they aim to make the name of the company as well as its products recognizable. The enterprises which intend to sell mineral water have to conduct Internet marketing research. In particular it is necessary to conduct survey among the customers and ask them about those qualities which they value most in this type of product or why they select a specific product among many others. Secondly, it is vital to learn what kind of websites they regularly visit. Internet marketing research can shape the outcome of a marketing campaign because it will give the company insights into the values and habits of customers. Finally, one has to speak about the search engine registration. The producers of mineral waters create official websites that would be accessible through different search engines like Google, Yahoo, AltaVista, MSN etc. Search engine can improve the visibility of the company and its products. This is why one should not disregard them. Therefore, in this paper we have demonstrate how producers of mineral water can benefit from Internet marketing and its various aspects. The key advantage of this approach is that it allows to target a wide audience. Moreover, it is less expensive than traditional marketing.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Belch, G. and Belch, M. (2009). Advertising and Promotion. (8th ed.). NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Chaffey D. Chadwick F. Mayer R. Johnston. K. (2009). Internet marketing: strategy, implementation and practice. NY: Pearson Education. Jones M. (2007). Customer Communications. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Free Essays on The Gift Of Jews

The book I'm reading is called "The Gift of the Jews", written by Thomas. Basically, his writing style is such that both the believer and non-believer can be satisfied with his prose, without becoming unduly offended. He brings out points and events that most archeologists and/or biblical scholars agree on, but he does so in a way that tends not to offend. This includes the Reed Sea vs. the Red Sea, Hebrew as a written language was not developed until around 1000-800 BCE, Abraham and his descendants believed in other, less powerful Gods other than Jehovah, etc. He often puts himself in a given era and tries to portray what the people of that time probably thought and believed. For me, it was not an easy read, but a good way to better understand the Old Testament, the beginning of the Jewish, and how Jewish philosophy evolved over 2000 years, and became the basis for much of the Western World's philosophy about the human condition. When I say that, I'm not talking about Socrates or Ar istotle or the other Greek and Roman scholars. I think that they gave us the basis for rational, logical thinking. The Jewish culture, on the other hand, gave us the idea that life is a journey, not a cyclical repetition of past events, that we are all individuals, that we can all experience fullness of life, that justice is for all that humans have certain inalienable rights, and that we can all have a personal relationship with God. All of these concepts were completely foreign to the civilized world before the Jews came to be. When I think of the Tanach, the Jewish Bible, I think of it mostly as the source of guidance and identity for the Jewish people. The Bible is full of mitzvoth, commandments, both ethical and ritual, and also of the recounting of the events which created us as a Jewish people. The Bible is part of what holds us together as Jews of different nationalities and religious persuasions. It is the source of our common referents and our sens... Free Essays on The Gift Of Jews Free Essays on The Gift Of Jews The book I'm reading is called "The Gift of the Jews", written by Thomas. Basically, his writing style is such that both the believer and non-believer can be satisfied with his prose, without becoming unduly offended. He brings out points and events that most archeologists and/or biblical scholars agree on, but he does so in a way that tends not to offend. This includes the Reed Sea vs. the Red Sea, Hebrew as a written language was not developed until around 1000-800 BCE, Abraham and his descendants believed in other, less powerful Gods other than Jehovah, etc. He often puts himself in a given era and tries to portray what the people of that time probably thought and believed. For me, it was not an easy read, but a good way to better understand the Old Testament, the beginning of the Jewish, and how Jewish philosophy evolved over 2000 years, and became the basis for much of the Western World's philosophy about the human condition. When I say that, I'm not talking about Socrates or Ar istotle or the other Greek and Roman scholars. I think that they gave us the basis for rational, logical thinking. The Jewish culture, on the other hand, gave us the idea that life is a journey, not a cyclical repetition of past events, that we are all individuals, that we can all experience fullness of life, that justice is for all that humans have certain inalienable rights, and that we can all have a personal relationship with God. All of these concepts were completely foreign to the civilized world before the Jews came to be. When I think of the Tanach, the Jewish Bible, I think of it mostly as the source of guidance and identity for the Jewish people. The Bible is full of mitzvoth, commandments, both ethical and ritual, and also of the recounting of the events which created us as a Jewish people. The Bible is part of what holds us together as Jews of different nationalities and religious persuasions. It is the source of our common referents and our sens...

Stock market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stock market - Essay Example Gross Domestic Product is the total market value of all the final goods and services produced within a nation's borders in a given time period. Each goods and services produced and brought in the market have a price. The price of the total output is called as GDP. It can be measured by either cumulating all the income earned in the economy or all the spending in the economy and both measures should roughly equate to the same total. GDP is the basic measure of an economy's size. With the GDP used as a key indicator of economic activity and future economic prospects, any significant change in the GDP, either up or down, can have a major effect on stock market investors' sentiment. If investors believe that the economy is improving, and corporate earnings improving along with it, then they are more likely to bid stock prices to higher levels. Conversely, an actual or expected decline in GDP is very likely to run in parallel or in advance to a declining stock market. There is an alternat ive view to the interplay between GDP and the stock market. The stock market itself may exert a reverse effect on subsequent economic activity: a fall in the market may erode personal wealth, real or perceived, such that individuals will stop spending. With consumer spending representing around two-thirds of GDP, even a small change in consumption can exert significant negative effects on GDP. This is referred to as the "wealth effect", where if investors feel poorer, they will stop spending, thereby decreasing GDP and further exacerbating an already declining market. The Housing Market: The housing market is one of 10 leading economic indicators and a good measurement of discretionary spending by the general public making up 5% of the value of the overall economy. When the economy is up, people have a tendency to spend more and housing permits and sales are good indicators of this trend. When the economy slows people spend and building and buying will have a tendency to decline. The concern in the current housing market is with the recent surge in defaults with sub-prime loans. This trend is a major factor in the current decline of the housing market which can act as a deterrent to growth and can cause a ripple effect in the rest of the economy.

Global Business Environment - the Banking Sector of Pakistan vs Essay

Global Business Environment - the Banking Sector of Pakistan vs. Uk&Greece - Essay Example 1.2 The Crisis Chain The global financial crisis brought about a tremendous and dramatic turn around in the banking sector across the world and there were hardly any economies that remained unaffected by the same. Not just the banking sector, but the sub-prime mortgage crisis brought about a chain of crisis causing a high velocity downfall in real estate, stock exchanges, and insurance companies as well – many big names fell apart, bail out packages were developed in order to reduce the impact, inflation went sky rocketing, and at the end of the chain, consumers lost loads and loads of money. Krugman (2009) states that a situation came where economists describe that there were empty houses in the US, and homeless people outside the same – showing the reduced purchasing power, and high prices of land and mortgage. Economists call the year 2008 as the ‘Global Financial Earthquake’. This era was known as the most depressive economic scenario since after the Gr eat Depression of the early 30s. This assignment aims at discussing and comparing how the environmental and macroeconomic variables in countries like UK, Greece, and Pakistan have affected the banking sector in these respective regions. ... It shows the linkage of financial markets with government, the employment (or unemployment), organizations and corporate, households, and the commodities markets. There is strong co-relation between these entities and any jolt, can lead to a drastic effect on all the others. 2. Analysis of Banking Sector in UK 2.1 PLEST Analysis Paulson (2011) states that the global financial earthquake of 2008 ripped apart the exceptionally high growth of the previous years, closing the huge names of the financial sector close to bankruptcy. In terms of the banking sector in the UK, the banks are rather politically and legally secured – as UK is recognized as the pioneer of financial system globally. The banking sector is also technologically fairly sound. The 2008 decline was primarily witnessed due to the drastic changes in the economic and social habits and norms of the population. Primarily a sub-set of the sub-prime mortgage crisis that initiated the panic, UK’s economy took a dow nturn. The primary cause of this being the over -spending habits that had embedded in the norms of the society, which was in turn, was caused by the easy presence and availability of the credit cards. Lewis (2011) states that most of the consumers had over spent their budgets in expectation of their future cash flows, which did not happen as bankruptcy became a common feature, employees were laid off in one go, salary, were reduced, and big names like JP Morgan, Lehman Brothers, etc. went off the hook. Government ultimately intervened with bail out packages to assist in the survival of the financial backbone of the economy. 2.2 Macroeconomic Indicators There are three primary macroeconomic

Genetics modification and domestications animals Essay

Genetics modification and domestications animals - Essay Example This experiment was later on repeated by Trut and his team and they found out that the hypothesis was true. However, these efforts at domestication were not without disadvantages. The changes that both Belyaev’s and the Farm Fox Experiment have brought about are very disadvantageous to the original wild fox species as well as to the tamed generations of foxes. One advantage of taming the fox species is that the physiological changes that generations of fox species undergo while being domesticated might lead to the extinction of the originally wild species of foxes. Domestication of the wild fox species does not only make the animal tamed but also causes various physiological changes in it like changes in body size, proportion, pigmentation, tail and ears (31). Although these may just seem to be minor changes as of this moment in history, such changes might prove to be less resistant to diseases and environmental conditions. Moreover, such efforts at domestication might eventua lly cause permanent changes in the fox species until such a point where all the original wild foxes were wiped out. This is not the same as evolution because there is human manipulation of the species. There must be a reason why some animals are wild and defying nature might result in the extinction of the original species. ... Moreover, new diseases might be brought along with the domesticated species as disease genes made dormant by a wild nature may eventually show up when the animal is tamed. Thus, the new domesticated species, although numerous, may not be able to survive very long. The idea that domestication brings along with it the fact that the fear response develops much later, which is 9 weeks or later instead of 6 weeks for the wild species, implies that there is a relatively longer time for the fox offspring to remain vulnerable to danger due to the absence of fear (33). The earlier fear develops in the fox species and in any other animal species, the earlier it may be able to learn to protect itself from danger. Thus, domesticated foxes tend to be more trusting of people and other animals that might cause them great harm or even death. Although the purpose of domestication is to delay the development of fear or even to get rid of it completely, fear has a great role in the survival of the anim al species. One final disadvantage of domestication of foxes is, as stated by Trut herself, â€Å"Anything that tampers with [polygenes] runs the risk of upsetting other parts of an organism’s genetic machinery† (35). As previously stated, the domestication experiment on foxes is not the same as natural evolution because there is deliberate human intervention in the manipulation of the polygenes. Any such manipulation may result in the alteration of what nature has intelligently created. The reverberations of such manipulation might result in destructive physiological changes in the fox species like immunity problems and thus eventually cause its extinction. The

Sects Cults and Catholic Church Essay Example for Free

Sects Cults and Catholic Church Essay The Seventh Day Adventists A sect is a religious group with controversial beliefs, they are groups that break away from a main group/religion and form their own set of beliefs, which differ from the teachings of their parent group. Sects also reject the authority of their parent group. The Seventh Day Adventists is an example of a group that broke away from their parent religions of Millerite Movement and Christianity, to become a sect. New York was the home of the 1840s Millerite movement; Millerites were followers of he teachings of William Miller who prophesied the second coming of Jesus Christ to Earth on the 22nd October 1844. When Jesus did not appear on this day the Millerites dissolved, however from the ashes of one movement came the next as the Seventh Day Adventists arose from the disbanded Millerites. The Seventh Day Adventist Church was officially founded in 1863 and the four founding fgures were Joseph Bates, James White, Ellen G. White and J. N. Andrews. The Church quickly became popular and began to spread worldwide, reaching the shores of New Zealand in the 1880s only shortly after its official establishment back in the States. Today the Seventh Day Adventist Church boasts over 16 million members globally and is the twelfth largest religious body in the world.

Society’s Expectations of a Female’s Body Image Essay -- Media Health

Society’s Expectations of a Female’s Body Image Society plays many roles in peoples’ lives. The biggest role that society plays with females is how they should appear. All over the television, movies, and different magazine covers, females come into view as looking very thin and beautiful. People that see these famous females begin to idealize that body image. The male gender also visualizes these famous females and thinks that all females should have this slender appearance. As the year 2000 rolled in, actresses and models’ body weight decreased, and their waiflike bodies became more noticeable in the public’s eyes. Many little girls grow up idealizing the people in the public eye, giving them the idea that they must look a certain way, which is not a healthy way. These little girls grow up to become teenagers and then discover adulthood. The image that they grew up visualizing only worsens when they hit puberty and their bodies go through drastic changes, which makes them realize their bodies do not look like the people they grew up bearing in mind. When females realize they will not be able to accomplish the same body that the famous acquire, they become very self-conscious and some even develop eating disorders. The media’s role in self-images has greatly affected the way people perceive themselves in today’s society. In this paper, I will discuss the different rhetorical techniques that six diverse authors use to get their point across to the reader. All of the articles that I had analyzed used pathos as a technique. There were two of the six articles that used ethos as a method. These two articles were Slim Pickings by David Butler and Do You Have a Body Image Problem? by Dr. Katharine A... ...beartoe.com/Brandi/Essay.htm>. â€Å"Expectation of a Fashion Model† discusses the aspects of how a model must look in order to get hired and how it plays a role in society’s aspects of how a female should look. The author mainly uses the social side of the pathos appeal. She discusses the social aspects of being thin. This article will play a role in my paper because it gives another social appeal to this topic. Thompson, Colleen. "Society and Eating Disorders." Mirror-Mirror. February 15, 2000. <http://www.mirror-mirror.org/society.htm. Thompson’s article discusses how society instills the image that females must look a certain way and it then leads to an eating disorder. The author also uses pathos to get her point across to the reader. This article will help by also discussing different eating disorders and how people end up having them.

Asahi Glass

TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary3 Recognizing Opportunities4 Company Structure 5 Issues Facing Asahi Glass5 Questions to Answer6 Conclusion6 Recommendations6 Executive Summary Asahi Glass Company was founded in the early 1900’s to relieve Japan’s dependence on foreign imports. It was the first successful endeavor into the flat glass industry. The company was able to continue to succeed through mergers, acquisitions, and organic growth. The company’s core businesses are: 1. Glass and related products, 2. Chemical products, 3. Ceramics and refractory products, 4. Electronic products, and 5. All other miscellaneous products The synergies that were created by combining management’s expertise with the company’s knowledge, resources, and technologies have contributed to the success of Asahi Glass Company throughout the years. The organizational structure of Asahi Glass’ domestic productions are effective for their business’. There is a top down management system, with each division having its own managers and balance sheet. However, globalization efforts have been depleting company resources in past years. Management has yet to be able to perfect their foreign operating organization. The company is unable to establish mutual trusting relationship with several overseas joint ventures. ? Asahi Glass Company was founded in 1907, by Toshiya Iwasaki, a nephew of one of the founders of the Mitsubishi business group. Iwasaki wanted to ease Japan’s dependence on imports, by establishing a flat glass industry. It took three years after production started in 1909 to make a profit, but the endeavor was well worth it; Asahi Glass Company established themselves as the dominate player in the market and has remained that way ever since. Throughout Asahi Glass’ existence, their decisions and objectives have been focused on growth. They achieve this by exploring new technologies and growing organically, as well as acquiring companies, and merging with others. Their management style is also a key factor to their success. Recognizing Opportunities During the First World War, Asahi Glass was having trouble importing the soda ash they needed for manufacturing, so they started producing it themselves. This led the company into the exploitation of the raw-materials scope economies. They soon developed technological expertise in ceramics and alkali chemicals, which became two of the three core business â€Å"pillars. † After World War II, management made a sensible strategic decision to license a new float glass process from the Pilkington Brothers in order to maintain their market position. In the 1960s, Asahi Glass took advantage of growing TV and auto industries, and moved into them, becoming a domestic leader in both industries. Soon after, they progressed into producing construction materials. When the chemical industry took off in Japan, Asahi Glass merged in with their alkalis, halogen, and other petrochemical additives. They were market leaders in every industry they infiltrated. Asahi Glass created new, unique markets and took the lead in many specialty markets. In the 1970s, the current president, Takeo Sakabe, took the initiative to introduce a fourth â€Å"pillar† to the company’s core businesses: electronics. He chose electronics because management had some expertise in it and the industry had room for growth. Asahi Glass began penetrating the global market in 1956, when they built a plant in India. Then, the company entered into joint ventures in Thailand and Indonesia in 1964 and 1972 respectively. Not long after establishing their presence in those markets for glass, Asahi Glass’ chemical business followed into the areas. Once the company began to expand, they accelerated their efforts through the 1990s. Company Structure Asahi Glass had â€Å"a matrix style organization structure. † Each of the six general divisions and the five individual divisions had their own managers and kept their own balance sheet. Asahi Glass had an International General Division, which communicated with domestic product divisions, and monitored the subsidiaries and affiliates who were abroad, as well as help formulate business plans. The company tried to localize their oversea activities, and let them manage day-to-day operations and only held executive meetings about once every four months. Issues Facing Asahi Glass In 1993, Asahi Glass’s domestic glass business was declining due to the Japanese economy. The answer for the company was to continue globalization efforts. However, the company’s quick response and accelerated efforts caused the company to lose focus of their traditional international practices. The company’s domestic operational structure was not the same as their international operating structure. Because many of the international were joint ventures, and still relatively fresh, the two companies still lacked trust and coordination. Asahi Glass was still realizing that moving into foreign markets took more integration and stronger efforts than operating domestically. Questions to Answer In 1993, president Seya was faced with a decision for the electronics department. He was analyzing a report of long term strategy for the business, and the position of its major products. The report offered proposals ranging from intense divesting, to rigorous investing. Mr. Seya needed to decide if investing the capital needed to ascertain a dominant position in the electronics business was worth the risk. His decision would be the foundation of the business’ strategic direction and he felt that direction should be aligned with Asahi Glass’ other divisions, and their overall objectives for the years to come. Conclusion Asahi Glass Company has always been an aggressive, dominant company. They exhort their knowledge, expertise, and technology in order to gain a leading position in whatever industry or market they endeavor. In the latest years, it seems that the company is trying to spread themselves too thin by globalizing. Until Asahi Glass finds a better way to organize and operate their foreign affairs, they should focus on domestic mergers, acquisitions, and internal growth. Recommendations I believe that Asahi Glass has had an excellent history of creating successful synergies that have propelled the company to success. From its beginnings in the early 1900s, the company’s management has recognized opportunities to expand their core businesses and grow organically. As their core businesses expanded, so did the company’s knowledge, experience, and technology. As these assets have interacted over the years, they have combined to make synergies that allowed the company to expand into new markets, products, and industries. Asahi Glass has an excellent foundation in the way of management as well as financial prosperity. I recommend that Asahi Glass invest in the establishment of the electronic business as a dominant position. Looking at the electronics business’ history shows that the division is among the top three in relative market position already, despite that they have a low share in the market (exhibit 10). They are also already well established, having joint ventures with at least five companies, three of which are in the top six market positions (exhibit 10). The electronic division contributed 5. 6% to sales in 1992; compared to ceramics contribution of 2. 4% (exhibit 6).